The ability to experience chronic pain is the most important protective mechanism, which provides survival, learning and adaptation of organisms to changing environmental conditions. Pain not only provides information about tissue damage, but also causes a reflex and behavioral responses that reduce the damaging effects to a minimum. Definition of the International Association for the Study of Pain states that: “The pain – an unpleasant sensory and emotional experience associated with actual or potential tissue damage or described in terms of such damage.”

In the case of real tissue injury develops acute pain and hypersensitivity, which are protective and which completely regressed after healing, which is approved biologically. In some cases the pain regresses to the healing of tissues, such as bruises, cuts, abrasions, such pain is called transient. Pain that is associated with activation of pain receptors after tissue damage and corresponds the level of tissue damage and the duration of the damaging factors, and then completely regress after healing, called an acute pain.

In contrast to acute pain unpleasant sensory experience may persist or appear after healing, without bearing in this case the protective function, and causing suffering. The appearance of such pain is usually associated with damage to the peripheral or central nervous system, and this actually chronic pain. It is considered as pain, which is turned away from the underlying disease and got its own character.

Chronic pain is considered to be pain that lasts beyond the normal healing period and lasts for at least 3 months. Currently the chronic pain is considered as a separate disease. An essential feature of chronic pain is a creation of emotional and personality disorders, it can only be called dysfunction in mental health, which can be refered to psychogenic pain.

Symptoms of chronic pain can occur in any clinical picture of depression. Patients with atypical proceeding of hidden depression for a long time and sometimes unsuccessfully treated by general practitioners, because it is difficult to recognize depression.Chronic pain as an emergence of hidden depression which can be located virtually in any part of the body. Chronic pain is usually located in head, heart, stomach, large joints and back. Among the examples of chronic pain can be chronic tension headaches, daily chronic headaches, fibromyalgia, psychogenic cardialgia and abdomialgia.

Signs of chronic pain can be diffuse, monotonous, constant, dull, aching, pulling, compressing. As a rule, chronic pain is poorly described and poorly located.Pain syndrome is never presented in isolation, but always combined with complaints of psychopathological and psychological character. The state of distress, aggravation of psychological conflict, emotional decompensation of personality disorders always lead to the intensification or generalization of pain.

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